ꓠꓬꓲ ꓠꓬꓲ ꓣꓳꓽ ꓢꓳ ꓣꓴ Dꓴ ꓠꓬ Present Perfect Continuous Tense ꓔꓯ ꓢꓳ ꓣꓴ Dꓴ ꓥˍꓡꓳ= ꓖꓳ ꓡꓱ ꓠꓬꓲ ꓕꓱ ꓟ ꓠꓬ ꓔꓰꓠꓢꓰ ꓗꓪ ꓙꓳˍꓟ Present Tense ꓬꓲ ꓘꓴꓽ ꓗꓪ ꓙꓳˍꓟ ꓥˍꓡꓳ= ꓖꓳ ꓡꓱ ꓠꓬꓲ ꓣꓳꓽ ꓟꓽ ꓢꓷ. Dˍꓠꓬꓲ ꓡꓯ ꓫꓵ ꓢꓳ ꓣꓴ ꓡꓯ=
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D. Present Perfect Continuous Tense ‐ ꓮ ꓟꓶ ꓬꓰ ꓒꓬꓱꓼ ꓡ ꓔꓬ,ˍꓟ
ꓖꓳ ꓡꓱ ꓠꓬꓲ D. Present Perfect Continuous Tense – ꓮ ꓟꓶ ꓬꓰ ꓒꓬꓱꓼ ꓡ ꓔꓬ,ˍꓟ ꓕꓱ ꓟ ꓔꓯ ꓥ ꓟꓲ ꓬꓲ ꓐꓱꓻ ꓤ ꓤ, 4 ꓐꓱꓻ ꓐꓱ DU JOˍꓡꓳ= ꓖꓳ ꓡꓱ ꓠꓬꓲ ꓡꓳ. ꓠꓬꓲ ꓡꓯ=
i. Positive Sentence
ii. Negative Sentence
iii. Interrogative Sentence
iv. Negative + Interrogative Sentence
ꓢꓷ. ꓔ ꓠꓯ,ˍꓟ ‐ Present Perfect Continuous Tense ꓗꓪ ꓠꓬ Since or For ꓣꓱꓽ ꓢꓲ ꓐꓳ ꓔˍꓡꓳ= ꓟꓬ ꓠꓬꓲ ꓠꓬ Since ꓐꓰ for ꓔꓯ ꓣꓱꓽˍꓕꓯ ꓢꓲ ꓫ. ꓕꓱ ꓘꓶꓽ ꓐꓲ ꓜꓲꓼ ꓡꓰˍꓟ ꓥꓳ=
i. Positive Sentence:
Rule: Subject + has/have + been + V1 + ing + Objective + Since/for (Time).
ꓔꓯꓺ ꓥꓳꓽ꓾
- I have been going to school for one hour.
- ꓥꓪ ꓠꓬ ꓢꓳ ꓦꓲꓻ ꓗꓪ ꓠ ꓬꓲ, ꓕꓲ ꓙꓵ, ꓗꓪ Cꓳˍꓡꓰ ꓙꓰ ꓔꓬ,ˍꓡꓳ=
- I have been waiting for you since morning.
- ꓠꓴ ꓔꓯ ꓥꓪ ꓠꓬ ꓠꓯ, ꓠꓯꓼ ꓗꓪ Cꓳˍꓡꓰ ꓡꓳ. ꓠꓬ, ꓔꓬˍꓡꓳ=
- I have been speaking for two hours.
- ꓥꓪ ꓠꓬ ꓠ ꓬꓲ, ꓠꓬꓲꓽ ꓙꓵ, ꓗꓪ Cꓳˍꓡꓰ ꓫ. ꓕꓱ ꓔꓬ,ˍꓡꓳ=
- They have been loving you since childhood.
- ꓠꓴ ꓔꓯ ꓬꓲ ꓪ ꓠꓬ ꓤ ꓠꓱ ꓤ, ꓗꓪ Cꓳˍꓡꓰ ꓠꓲ, ꓠꓵꓻ ꓔꓬ,ˍꓡꓳ=
- We have been working here since 2018.
- ꓥꓪ ꓠꓴꓽ ꓠꓬ ꓕꓱ ꓗꓪ 2018 ꓘꓳꓼ ꓗꓪ Cꓳˍꓡꓰ ꓟꓬꓱꓽ ꓬꓰ ꓔꓬ,ˍꓡꓳ=
- He has been loving me since two years.
- ꓬꓲ ꓠꓬ ꓥꓪ ꓔꓯ ꓠꓬꓲꓽ ꓘꓳꓼ ꓗꓪ Cꓳˍꓡꓰ ꓠꓲ, ꓠꓵꓻ ꓔꓬ,ˍꓡꓳ=
- She has been cooking food for one hour.
- ꓬꓲ ꓠꓬ ꓠ ꓬꓲ, ꓕꓲ ꓙꓵ, ꓗꓪ Cꓳˍꓡꓰ ꓜꓻ C. ꓔꓬ,ˍꓡꓳ=
- They have been playing football since morning.
- ꓬꓲ ꓪ ꓠꓬ ꓠꓯ, ꓠꓯꓼ ꓗꓪ Cꓳˍꓡꓰ ꓐꓲ ꓡꓴ. ꓑꓲ, ꓔꓬ,ˍꓡꓳ=
- They have been learning English since 2020.
- ꓬꓲ ꓪ ꓠꓬ 2020 ꓘꓳꓼ ꓗꓪ COˍꓡꓰ ꓧꓪ ꓒꓴ ꓥꓳꓽ ꓢꓳ ꓔꓬ,ˍꓡꓳ=
ii) Negative Sentence:
Rule: Subject + has/have + not + been + V1 + ing + Objective + since / for (Time).
ꓔꓯꓺ ꓥꓳꓽ꓾
- I have not been going to school for one hour.
- ꓥꓪ ꓠꓬ ꓢꓳ ꓦꓲꓻ ꓗꓪ ꓠ ꓬꓲ, ꓕꓲ ꓙꓵ, ꓗꓪ Cꓳˍꓡꓰ ꓟꓽ ꓙꓰ ꓔꓬ,ˍꓡꓳ=
- I have not been waiting for you since morning.
- ꓠꓴ ꓔꓯ ꓥꓪ ꓠꓬ ꓠꓯ, ꓠꓯꓼ ꓗꓪ Cꓳˍꓡꓰ ꓟꓽ ꓡꓳ. ꓠꓬ, ꓔꓬ,ˍꓡꓳ=
- I have not been speaking for two hours.
- ꓥꓪ ꓠꓬ ꓠ ꓬꓲ, ꓠꓬꓲꓽ ꓙꓵ, ꓗꓪ Cꓳˍꓡꓰ ꓟꓽ ꓫ. ꓕꓱ ꓔꓬ,ˍꓡꓳ=
- They have not been loving you since childhood.
- ꓠꓴ ꓔꓯ ꓬꓲ ꓪ ꓠꓬ ꓤ ꓠꓱ ꓤ, ꓗꓪ Cꓳˍꓡꓰ ꓟꓽ ꓠꓲ, ꓠꓵꓻ ꓔꓬ,ˍꓡꓳ=
- We have not been working here since 2018.
- ꓥꓪ ꓠꓴꓽ ꓠꓬ ꓕꓱ ꓗꓪ 2018 ꓘꓳꓼ ꓗꓪ Cꓳˍꓡꓰ ꓟꓬꓱꓽ ꓟꓽ ꓬꓰ ꓔꓬ,ˍꓡꓳ=
- He has not been loving me since two years.
- ꓬꓲ ꓠꓬ ꓥꓪ ꓔꓯ ꓠꓬꓲꓽ ꓘꓳꓼ ꓗꓪ Cꓳˍꓡꓰ ꓟꓽ ꓠꓲ, ꓠꓵꓻ ꓔꓬ,ˍꓡꓳ=
- She has not been cooking food for one hour.
- ꓬꓲ ꓠꓬ ꓠ ꓬꓲ, ꓕꓲ ꓙꓵ, ꓗꓪ Cꓳˍꓡꓰ ꓜꓻ ꓟꓽ C. ꓔꓬ,ˍꓡꓳ=
- They have not been playing football since morning.
- ꓬꓲ ꓪ ꓠꓬ ꓠꓯ, ꓠꓯꓼ ꓗꓪ Cꓳˍꓡꓰ ꓐꓲ ꓡꓴ. ꓟꓽ ꓑꓲ, ꓔꓬ,ˍꓡꓳ=
- They have not been learning English since 2020.
- ꓬꓲ ꓪ ꓠꓬ 2020 ꓘꓳꓼ ꓗꓪ COˍꓡꓰ ꓧꓪ ꓒꓴ ꓥꓳꓽ ꓟꓽ ꓢꓳ ꓔꓬ,ˍꓡꓳ=